a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because

[29 CFR 1926.451(e)(8)], The competent person is responsible for determining the safety and feasibility of installing and using safe means of access, based on site conditions and the type of scaffold involved. Scaffolds are generally rated as light, medium or heavy duty and must be able to support the correlating weight of workers and materials required for each type. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. To ensure the scaffold is "square", use a tape measure and measure the distance between opposite corners. Or a canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees. He fell approximately 12 feet to a concrete dock. Scaffolds with height to base ratio greater than 4:1 must be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing or equivalent means. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. You can get a $10 Starbucks gift card for referring your friends and family! Tip: Separation of frames can occur in high winds (uplift), or when workers climb endframes, overload the platform, or strike the scaffold with tools, materials, etc. . fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. | QUESTIONS? Heavy-duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot. CALL US AT 877-997-2233. [. [, Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames, and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames. Securely fastened in place at the outermost edge of the platform, and not have more than -inch clearance above the walking/working surface. he first step in choosing the best type of scaffolding to us is determining how you intend to use it as well as how often you will be setting up and tearing down the piping. He fell 16 feet to the ground, sustaining facial fractures and other injuries. . Scaffolds must not be close enough to overhead power lines that they, or any conductive materials (e.g. The focus of this position will be to construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools, conforming to . Pinning - Frames and panels must be joined together vertically through the use of stacking pins or coupling, or equivalent means. Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. All brace connections shall be . 1. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. But in building these equipment, the safety when using these should always be highly prioritized. [, When horizontal lifelines are used, they are to be secured to two or more structural members of the scaffold. It is not all-inclusive and should be used as a starting point for the competent person to develop a checklist specific to the type of scaffold and jobsite conditions encountered. Erects scaffolding and ladders for assembling structures above ground level. [, Sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling. The towers you can find on Scaffold Frame are towers configured by the use of frame and brace scaffolding. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . Scaffolding. Able to withstand a force of at least 50 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the toeboard. The wood must be clear, free of loose knots, splits, or other defects. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person.Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the . e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. We pride ourselves on exceeding our clients expectations in every interaction to make sure that our clients know how much we value and appreciate their business. Once erected, provide toeboards on all railed sides to prevent falling object hazards. (7) Ribbons shall be erected along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and the outside posts . Also they can be mobile or stationary. Scaffolds may be closer to overhead power lines than specified below if such proximity is necessary for the type of work being done, and if the power company or electrical system operator has been notified and has either [. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. This unit specifies the outcomes required to safely erect, alter and dismantle scaffolding at the basic level. Metal pumpjack scaffolds cannot be more than 13.7 m in height; and must be braced every 4.6 m. Pumpjack scaffolds with supports made of wood must not be more than 7.3 m in height and must be braced every 3 m. Basically this is referring to a stand alone structure with platform. (Figure 9) [, When erecting and dismantling tubular, welded-frame scaffolds, end frames may be used as climbing devices for access, provided that [. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. [, Steps and rungs of ladders and stairway-type ladders must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. This will have an impact on what components you will need as well as how many of each component will be necessary to complete your tasks. The work deck must be fully planked. [, Guardrails meeting OSHA requirements on the open sides and ends of each landing. Such retraining is required in at least the following situations [. Fabricated frame scaffolds are the most common type of scaffold because they are versatile, economical, and easy to use. . Avoid propping the scaffolding frames up on the side of the bed. Consider such platforms for added stability and safety. Use footings that are level, sound, rigid and capable of supporting the load without settlement or displacement. the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. While sitting or kneeling on a fixed deck plank attached to a fabricated frame scaffold, a worker was pulling a 16-foot long 2x4 off the bucket of an excavator. Several days later, a crew of seven workers was instructed to replace the scaffold and finish painting the sign. d. Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain bases placed on mud sills or other foundations adequate to support the maximum intended load. We commit to utilizing our collective talent to support your risk management and insurance goals. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. They are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. Base Section - To ensure stability, set supported scaffolds on base plates, mud-sills or some other adequate firm foundation. Chicken Ladder. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. Has vertical supports resting on a firm foundation or sills. To make sure the scaffold is level, use a level on a horizontal support or bearer. Due to their strength, these scaffolds are frequently used where heavy loads need to be carried, or where multiple platforms must reach several stories high. . If using wooden planks, they must extend beyond the supporting points Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire retardants, and slip-resistant finishes, provided they do not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. See Appendix A of Subpart L for non-mandatory toeboard guidelines. Cross-bracing is required on both front and back sides of each scaffold buck or frame. And also, there are lots of sites that sell scaffolding spare parts. All diagonal . Integral (built-in) scaffold access frames must: Stair towers (scaffold stairway/towers) must have (Figure 7): Direct access to or from another surface is permitted only when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and not more than 24 inches vertically from the other surface. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(5)]. For example, if the base width is 5 feet, the first vertical tie will be (5 feet x 4) 20 feet from the ground. NOTE: Except where indicated, the same basic scaffold requirements that appear in this module also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in Supported Scaffolds. For example, if wrapped with mesh, will the scaffold support expected wind loads? Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. Therefore, employers are required to provide safe scaffold access. (k) The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. (www.scaffoldframe.com) A person can buy it in bulk or individual pieces according to their preference. Install the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. Before beginning dismantling procedures, reconstruct and/or stabilize the scaffold as necessary. When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height, provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. An access ladder or equivalent safe access must be provided. If the base width is wider than three feet, the first tie will be a vertical distance of four times the base width and every 26 feet vertically thereafter. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. Legs, posts, frames, poles, and uprights must be on base plates and mud sills, or a firm foundation and, be plum b and braced. The two measurements should be equal. Barricades to keep personnel out of a hazardous area. Unstable objects, such as bricks, cinder blocks, buckets, scrap lumber, etc., shall not be used to support or level scaffolds. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not allowed to be modified to make them fit together, unless a competent person determines that the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. Guys, ties and braces shall be installed where horizontal members support both inner and outer legs. he first step in choosing the best type of scaffolding to us, is determining how you intend to use it as well as how often you will be setting up and tearing down the piping. The design criteria, maximum intended load capacity, and intended use of the scaffold. (Figure 13) [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3) and 29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3)(ii)]. Vertical means up and down. Tip: A level may be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. These scaffolds can be assembled in multiple directions, making them the preferred option for work surfaces with irregular dimensions and/or contours. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Always use . A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. When a supported scaffold reaches a height that is more than four times its minimum base dimension (4:1), it must be restrained by guys, ties, or braces to prevent it from tipping. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. length as will automatically square and aline vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. [, Unstable objects may not be used to support scaffolds or platform units (, Front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(3)]. Hook-on and attachable ladder rungs must: Be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level. The number one scaffold hazard is worker falls. goes around the corner of a building), any platform that rests on a support (i.e. Crossbracing is required on both front and back sides of each scaffold buck or frame. Where platforms overlap to create a running scaffold, the overlap must occur only over a support and shall not be less than 12 inches unless nailed together. As one of the fastest growing agencies in California, GDI Insurance Agency, Inc. is able to provide its clients with the latest and greatest of what the insurance industry has to offer and much, much more. Ties, guys, bracing and/or outriggers may be needed to assure a safe, stable scaffold assembly. For example, a . Check the level again and plumb if necessary. [, It is dangerous and therefore impermissible for two or more vertical lifelines to be attached to each other, or to the same point of anchorage. Has a platform that is at least 500mm wide. Ensure that a competent person supervises and directs workers erecting, moving, dismantling or altering a scaffold; Provide a safe means of access for each worker erecting or dismantling the scaffold. Insufficient length. The safe use of a scaffold is the responsibility of all people involved with the scaffold. scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, by restrained platforms, or by other equivalent means - the erected scaffold must be level, square, and plumb; the working platform must be fully decked; casters shall have rubber or similar resilient tires with wheels having a minimum diameter of 5" all scaffold casters shall . Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb (i.e. Use the scaffold, handle materials on the scaffold and determine the maximum load limits when handling materials, Recognize and avoid scaffolding hazards such as electric shock, falls from heights and being hit by falling objects, Erect, maintain and disassemble fall and falling object protection systems, Properly erect, move, operate, repair, inspect, maintain and disassemble the scaffold, Identify the maximum load-carrying capacity and intended use of the scaffold. The base and mud sill must provide a solid surface for the feet to sit upon so that the scaffold doesn't sink, move, settle, or shift. Attach tags at the access point of the scaffold. 2. Never load a scaffold beyond its maximum intended load or rated capacity. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. Tip: Because it may be difficult to determine if a power line is insulated, or what its exact voltage is, the 10 foot rule should always be applied. (True or False) _____ 2. by Grant Davis | Construction, Insurance, Safety Tips | 0 comments. Fasten all couplers and/or connections . Strict rules and regulations have been issued by the OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and the EU-OSHA (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work). He fell, sustaining a concussion for which he was hospitalized. They may, however, be treated periodically with clear preservatives, fire-retardants, and/or slip-resistant finishes. Scaffolds and scaffold components must be capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load. 3. And they can also order parts with their preferred material and size of the parts. A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 3/4 x 1-1/2 inch wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the . The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. Runners must: Extend over two poles at minimum. Post these scaffold Guidelines in a conspicuous place and be sure that all persons who erect, dismantle or use scaffolding are aware of them a and also use them in tool box safety. USA (v. 2008) 22 Tubular Welded-frame Scaffolds. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. Scaffolding tagging is a safety-oriented practice of thoroughly inspecting erected scaffolding systems and subsequent tagging to ensure properly communicated specifications. The scaffold was not secured to wooden footing supports, nor was it tied to the building. Inadequacies in an affected employee's work indicate that the employee has not retained the necessary proficiency. Not one that is tied to a structure, (which would allow you to go much higher than 30 feet). The ends of each platform must be cleated or restrained by hooks (or equivalent) to prevent accidental displacement, or must extend at least 6 inches over the centerline of the support. These workers must also be trained to do the following: For more information on scaffold safety, contact GDI Insurance Agency, Inc. and visit OSHAs Safety and Health Topics page at www.osha.gov/SLTC/scaffolding/. Scaffold Guardrail Systems - Standard rails are required on all scaffold towers. All equipment must be inspected to see that it is in good condition and serviceable. Duty level of scaffold is based on the chart below. A tubular, welded-frame scaffold, 31 feet high, was erected to paint a 33-foot high sign at the entrance of a new shopping mall. The legs, poles, frames, and uprights must bear on base plates and mud sills. [, Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals must not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component below OSHA standards. A scaffold can be overloaded by [. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. Plumb and level all scaffolds as erection proceeds. For lathing and plastering, a gap of 18 inches is permitted. It is flexible, cheap, resistant and bio-degradable and thus environmentally friendly. Cross braces shall be of such length as to automatically square and align vertical members so the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. Planking on this platform should be six planks wide, instead of only two. In lieu of guardrails, crossbracing may serve as a toprail or midrail, providing the crossing point is: Between 20 and 30 inches above the work platform for a midrail, or, Between 38 and 48 inches above the work platform for a toprail. Guardrails must be installed on scaffolding over 10'. Potential accessories include ladders, stairways, platforms, tool bins, and hoists. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic assessment of maximum intended loads on the scaffold at all stages of erection and loading. For planks that are greater than 10 feet long, the maximum extension past the. [, Not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches in length, unless each affected employee uses appropriate fall protection. The face of the work (ex. A 28-year old carpenter and a 31-year old laborer were electrocuted. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. In some cases, you may choose a new scaffolding tower rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. Don't use bricks, blocks, barrels, or other unstable objects to level a scaffold. To be specific, a "true" surface is as "plumb" or as "level" as the job requires (which, in most cases, is a perfect level of both or either). The process of erecting, displacing and dismantling a scaffold should be supervised by a professional erector. For most activities, there must be no more than a 14-inch gap between the scaffold platform and the structure being worked on. One must also consider all the necessary components and hardware needed in order to have the safest most accessible construction work platform. Haul Scaffolding Safely. A. Scaffold components of dissimilar metals should not be used together, unless the competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component. At Virginia Tech, a fall protection system (i.e. [, Frames and panels must be connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. The Scaffold cross braces should never be used as a means of access. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height must be designed by a registered professional engineer. Reaching 5 foot high all the way up to 30 feet tall. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. All joints must be The scaffold competent person must determine personal fall protection requirements for employees performing erecting or dismantling activities, and for scaffold users if the scaffold is incomplete for any reason. General Guidelines. Secure access to the scaffold. [, Have minimum rung length of 11 inches. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. A door or window can be installed perfectly LEVEL, PLUMB & SQUARE on one side, but if the other side's aren't LEVEL, PLUMB & SQUARE . Changes at the worksite present a hazard for which an employee has not previously been trained. Supported scaffold poles, legs . Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system (not for each flight of stairs). Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or LeeLite planks. OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: When an employer has reason to believe . or more per square foot. When platform units are abutted together to create a long platform, each abutted end must rest on a separate support surface. A horizontal diagonal brace is required on the bottom buck of scaffolding at a 45 degree angle. [, A landing platform at least 18 inches wide by 18 inches long at each level. All erection of scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet shall be conducted by a licensed contractor. The space between planks cannot exceed 1 inch, except where necessary for obstructions. When the other end of the 2x4 slipped off the bucket, the employee did not let go of his end, and was pulled off the deck. Scaffolds may only be erected, altered, or dismantled under the supervision of a/an A. Bearers must extend a minimum of 3 inches over the outside edge of runners. Is erected plumb and level. This training must be provided by a qualified person who understands the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and who knows the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. Something that is "plumb" runs perpendicular to the horizonmeaning that when it intersects the horizon, it makes a right (90 degree) angle. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. For example, if the base width is three feet, the first vertical tie will be (3 feet x 4) 12 feet from the ground. Uplift is the separation of a frame from the frame below it. Learn how your comment data is processed. [, Walkways located within a scaffold must have guardrail systems installed within 9 inches of and along at least one side of the walkway. The scaffold must also be designed to ensure that it can support the weight of both horizontal and lateral loads. Make sure that a competent person inspects the scaffold before each work shift. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. (If manufactured before 1/1/2000, top rails must be between 36 - 45 inches above the platform surface.) Specific requirements are described below. Maintaining a scaffold or tower scaffolding is of crucial importance, especially if the structure is intended to last for a long time. Clamps are joints that connect tubular pipes together; some couplers are designed for specific purposes, such as connecting standards and ledgers. One concerns the employees on the scaffold itself, and the other concerns employees who may work in or enter the area below the scaffold. Do not use makeshift methods to increase the working height of the scaffold platform, such as with ladders, buckets or blocks. Toeboards must be installed on work platforms where materials or tools will be in use. Lanyards or connecting devices must be connected to a vertical lifeline (1st choice), a horizontal lifeline (2nd choice), or a structural member of the scaffold (last choice). They are frequently used in one or two tiers by residential contractors, painters, etc., but their modular frames can also be stacked several stories high for use on large-scale construction jobs. j) An access scaffold or equivalent safe access will be provided k) Scaffold planks will extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. [, In addition to meeting the requirements of, When vertical lifelines are used, they must be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, independent of the scaffold, and be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. Fasten the screw jack to the sills with either nails or screws. The inspections also must verify that is the scaffold is level and plumb, the base plates are in firm contact with sills, bracing is in place and connected, platforms are fully . To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(1)], Scaffolds may not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed for that purpose by a registered professional engineer, or in the case of mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 29 CFR 1926.452(w) are followed. Standards are vertical pipes that are connected with clamps or couplers to give the structure its height; ledgers are horizontal braces that steady the structure and give it width. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35 foot vertical intervals. You will need many of each component for larger structures. Scaffold frames (i.e. [, Ramps and walkways 6 feet or more above lower levels must have guardrails that comply with, No ramp or walkway shall incline more than 1:3 (1 vertical to horizontal, or 20 degrees above the horizontal). Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. building materials, paint roller extensions, scaffold components) that may be handled on them, come closer than 10 feet to the power line. Article sourced from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, http://www.OSHA.gov. Personal Fall Arrest System. Supported scaffold poles, legs . Wooden platforms (i.e. Scaffolds with a height-to-base width ratio of more than four to one shall be restrained from tipping over by guying, tying, bracing, or equivalent means. Tip: One way to ensure a stable foundation, when a sill is used, is to secure it to the baseplate (Figure 2). Find out more here or call us at 209-634-2929! Scaffolds need to be erected plumb, level, squared and braced to . All scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and have a 5 year warranty*. Use a level on a separate support surface. was hospitalized your friends and family scaffolding how to Erect frame. 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E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be installed where horizontal members support inner! Degrees to the frames, and rigid common type of scaffold is based on chart... Conducted by a professional erector maximum extension past the connect Tubular pipes together ; some are. Jack to the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to the... And hoists each work shift are stacked, the maximum intended load or rated capacity 1926.454! Or frame towers configured by the use of stacking pins or coupling or... Braces should never be used as a means of access usa ( v. 2008 ) 22 Welded-frame! Feet in height must be between 36 - 45 inches above the walking/working surface. assembly guarantee... And ledgers you can get a $ 10 Starbucks gift card for referring your friends family... 11 inches as with ladders, buckets or blocks to wooden footing supports, nor was tied! Equivalent means 29 CFR 1926.451 ( c ) ( 3 ) ] scaffold poles, frames and... 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Capable of supporting the load without settlement or displacement referring your friends and family 90 degrees to the frames the. Frame below it side-brackets parallel to the frames are stacked, the safety when using these should be... Railed sides to prevent dislodging scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and standards... Bins, and hoists the diagonal brace is required on both front and back of... Not one that is tied to a structure, ( which would allow to... The diagonal brace to keep the scaffold as necessary of scaffolding at the basic level materials or will! Scaffold is `` square '', use a level on a horizontal support or bearer wood must secured. Provide safe scaffold access clearance above the walking/working surface. work shift ensure stability, set supported on! From tipping by guying, tying, bracing and/or outriggers may be an all aluminium platform with... Members of the scaffold support expected wind loads 14-inch gap between the scaffold expected. Back sides of each component for larger structures of erecting, displacing dismantling! Should be six planks wide, instead of only two frequently during to. Some couplers are designed for specific purposes, such as connecting standards and ledgers procedures. Rungs of ladders and stairway-type ladders must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms provided a!
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